THE CONCEPT OF JUSTICE IN THE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF PLATO AND ARISTOTLE : AN ANALYTICAL COMPARISON
Keywords:
Justice, Political Philosophy, Plato, Aristotle, Comparative AnalysisAbstract
The objectives of this research were to 1) analyze the concept of justice in Plato’s political philosophy, 2) analyze the concept of justice in Aristotle’s political philosophy, 3) compare and synthesize the similarities and differences between Plato’s and Aristotle’s notions of justice, and 4) propose an interpretive framework for understanding justice in the context of contemporary political philosophy, based on a comparative study of both philosophers’ ideas. The study employed a qualitative research methodology, utilizing content analysis and analytical comparison. Primary sources included the original works of Plato and Aristotle, along with relevant academic literature and research.
The research results were found as follows;
1) Plato's concept of justice was idealistic, emphasizing a well-ordered society in which each individual performs their appropriate role.
2) Aristotle presented a more practical approach, distinguishing justice into distributive and corrective forms, with a focus on moral relationships and the suitability of actions according to individual status.
3) The comparative analysis highlighted a foundational contrast between idealism and empiricism.
4) This contrast provided a valuable perspective for understanding justice in contemporary political philosophy, especially in light of modern social complexities and the plurality of values.
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