Implementing CLIL Materials to Promote Intercultural Competence in an English Program in Thailand

Authors

  • Sirirat Suriya Lecturer, Teaching English as a Global Language Program, Faculty of Education, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.
  • Punwalai Kewara Assistant professor at the Faculty of Education, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.
  • Denchai Prabjandee Assistant professor at the Faculty of Education, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62819/bej.2026.3182

Keywords:

content and language integrated learning, intercultural competence, CLIL materials, secondary school students

Abstract

This study aimed to design and implement CLIL lesson plans based on Coyle’s 4Cs framework and Byram’s (1997) model to promote intercultural competence (IC), and to examine the observed development of IC through four types of materials: ready-made, authentic, teacher-brought, and student-brought. The participants were 35 Grade 12 students at a secondary school in eastern Thailand. The study adopted a qualitative research design, employing classroom video recordings and the researcher’s reflections as data sources. Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the researcher’s reflective journals and the classroom video recordings. The analysis followed a systematic coding process to identify patterns related to IC. The findings revealed that all four types of CLIL materials contributed to students’ intercultural competence, particularly in developing attitudes of openness and curiosity. Among these, student-brought materials were found to be the most effective in fostering intercultural engagement, as they encouraged learners to research, present, and reflect on cultural behaviors and practices. The study concludes that integrating diverse materials within the CLIL framework can promote IC and provide meaningful, context-rich language learning experiences in secondary classrooms.

References

Amante, S., Pinho, S., & Balula, J. P. (2016). Textbooks as a basic resource for the promotion of intercultural coexistence? A case study. In Bridging differences: Understanding cultural interaction in our globalized world (pp. 195-205). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9781848883680_017

Baker, W. (2011). Intercultural awareness: Modelling an understanding of cultures in intercultural communication through English as a lingua franca. Language and intercultural communication, 11(3), 197-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2011.577779.

Baker, W. (2012). From cultural awareness to intercultural awareness: Culture in ELT. ELT Journal, 66(1), 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccr017.

Bernal Pinzón, A. N. (2020). Authentic Materials and Tasks as Mediators to Develop EFL Students’ Intercultural Competence. How, 27(1), 29-46. https://doi.org/10.19183/how.27.1.515

Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. Multilingual Matters.

Byram, M. (2020). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence: Revisited. Multilingual Matters.

Cenoz, J., Genesee, F., & Gorter, D. (2014). Critical analysis of CLIL: Taking stock and looking forward. Applied Linguistics, 35(3), 243-262. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amt011.

Coyle, D. (2007). Content and language integrated learning: Towards a connected research agenda for CLIL pedagogies. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 10(5), 543-562. https://doi.org/10.2167/beb459.0

Coyle, D., Holmes, B., & King, L. (2009). Towards an integrated curriculum: CLIL national statement and guidelines. Languages Company.

Coyle, D., Hood, P., & Marsh, D. (2010). CLIL: Content and language integrated learning. Cambridge University Press.

Dalton-Puffer, C. (2011). Content-and-language integrated learning: From practice to principles? Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 31, 182-204. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190511000092.

Deardorff, D. K. (2006). Identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization. Journal of Studies in International Education, 10(3), 241-266. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315306287002.

Doyle, T. (2023). Helping students learn in a learner-centered environment: A guide to facilitating learning in higher education. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003445067

Haerazi, H., & Nunez, J. L. (2022). Promoting intercultural competences and communication skills through English textbooks within multilingual education. Online Submission, 1(2), 75-82. https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v1i2.610

Jenkins, J., & Panero, S. M. (2025). Global Englishes. A resource book for students. Routledge.

Koro, R. (2018). Developing learners’ intercultural understanding through a CLIL approach. e-TEALS, 9, 77-107. https://doi.org/10.2478/eteals-2018-0014.

Lemut Bajec, M., Štemberger, T., & Bratož, S. (2025). Enhancing intercultural competences with the CulCLIL model. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2025.2512828

Luprichová, J. (2019). Teaching foreign languages by means of CLIL in selected European countries. Educational Role of Language Journal, 2019-2(2), 7-14. https://doi.org/10.36534/erlj.2019.02.01

Prabjandee, D. (2020). Teacher professional development to implement Global Englishes language teaching. Asian Englishes, 22(1), 52-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2019.1624931.

Prabjandee, D. (2025). Teacher Education for Global Englishes Language Teaching. Bloomsbury.

Qi, S. (2024). Study on the Importance of Promoting Intercultural Teaching of Foreign Languages through Textbook Development. Journal of Education and Educational Research, 7(1), 252-255. https://doi.org/10.54097/fxy35805

Risager, K. (2018). Representations of the world in language textbooks (Vol. 34). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783099566

Seidlhofer, B. (2011). Understanding English as a lingua franca. Oxford University Press.

Simon, H. A. (1996). The sciences of the artificial (3rd ed.). MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/12107.001.0001

Sincicrope, C., Norris, J., & Watanabe, Y. (2007). Understanding and assessing intercultural competence: A summary of theory, research, and practice. Second Language Studies, 26(1), 1-58.

Sobkowiak, P. (2015). Developing students’ intercultural competence in foreign language textbooks. US-China Education Review B, 5, 794-805. https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6248/2015.12.003

Sudhoff, J. (2010). CLIL and Intercultural Communicative Competence: Foundations and Approaches towards a Fusion.

Tran, T. Q., & Pham, T. T. (2017). The importance of intercultural communicative competence in English language teaching and learning. In Proceedings of the conference: Innovation and creativity in teaching and learning foreign languages at HCMC Open University (pp. 629-641).

Tongwanchai, F., & Sritong, C. (2025). CLIL in teaching Spanish for specific purposes in Thailand: Courses and pedagogical proposals. Porta Linguarum. An International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning, (XV), 391–409. https://doi.org/10.30827/portalin.viXV.33698

Unesco. (2013). Intercultural competences: Conceptual and operational framework.

Wardhany, D. S. (2022). Promoting English movie as a means of enhancing EFL learners’ cultural competence. JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 7(1), 186-201. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v7i1.16594

Xue, J., & Pan, Q. (2012). The effects of film appreciation on improving the students' intercultural communication competence. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(8), 1741. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.8.1741-1745

Yue, J. (2019). Use of foreign films in cultivating intercultural communicative competence in ELT-A case study. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 9(2), 198-203. http://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0902.09.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-28

How to Cite

Suriya, S., Kewara, P., & Prabjandee, D. (2026). Implementing CLIL Materials to Promote Intercultural Competence in an English Program in Thailand. BRU ELT JOURNAL, 4(1), 102–118. https://doi.org/10.62819/bej.2026.3182