Guidelines for Waste Management from the Worship and Offering Rituals of Phaya Si Satta Nakarat in Nakhon Phanom Province Using the 4M1E Principle

Abstract

         This study aims to analyze the causes of waste generation and propose waste management guidelines for ritual worship ceremonies dedicated to Phaya Si Satta Nakarat in Nakhon Phanom Province. Data were collected through waste surveys conducted around the Phaya Si Satta Nakarat site, as well as observations and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings revealed that ritual worship activities generated approximately 200–500 kilograms of waste per day. This waste has distinctive characteristics that differ from general waste. Using the 4M1E principle as an analytical framework, the study revealed four major contributing factors: materials used in the rituals, insufficient waste management equipment, ineffective management practices by responsible organizations, and environmental conditions. Based on these findings, the study proposes appropriate solutions that address the identified causes, ranging from on-site waste separation measures to the development of structural policy guidelines. The implementation of these recommendations should carefully consider cultural contexts and local beliefs. Therefore, this study provides preliminary insights that may contribute to future sustainable waste management planning.