ความเข้าใจในสารประกอบที่อยู่ข้างในน้ำยาบุหรี่ไฟฟ้าที่เชื่อมโยงกับโรคปอดอักเสบรุนแรง (EVALI)
บทคัดย่อ
วุฒิชัย สุวรรณภราดรโรงเรียนเบ็ญจะมะมหาราช จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี
บทคัดย่อ
ความนิยมในการสูบบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า (electronic cigarettes) ที่กำลังเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็วนำมาซึ่งความเสี่ยงต่อการเสพติดและสุขภาพ ในบทความฟื้นวิชานี้จะมุ่งสำรวจไปที่สารประกอบที่่ปรากฏอยู่ในน้ำยาบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า (e-liquids) และ ผลกระทบที่่อาจเกิดกับระบบทางเดินหายใจรวมถึงโรคปอดอักเสบรุนแรง (EVALI) บุหรี่่ไฟฟ้าทำงานโดยการทำให้น้ำยาบุุหรี่ไฟฟ้าที่่มีส่วนประกอบหลักคือ สาร propylene glycol สารปรุงรส (flavorings) ตัวทำละลาย วิตามิน E acetate และนิโคติน (nicotine) ที่จะถูกเปลี่ยนสภาพกลายเป็นไอระเหยและถูกสูดเข้าไปในปอด กระบวนการนี้เรียกว่า การสูบไอบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า (vaping) โดยไม่มีส่วนผสมจากน้ำมันดินบรรจุอยู่ด้วย รูปร่างของบุุหรี่ไฟฟ้าจะมีลักษณะคล้ายกับปากกาหรือยูเอสบีแฟลชไดรฟ์ทำให้สามารถพกพาไปได้อย่่างสะดวก การใช้งานบุหรี่ไฟฟ้าได้เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็วในช่วงไม่กี่ปีที่ผ่านมา และระบาดแพร่หลายโดยนักสูบหน้าใหม่ประกอบไปด้วยเยาวชนและผู้หญิง นอกจากนี้บุหรี่่ไฟฟ้ายังสามารถบรรจุผลิตภัณฑ์ ของกัญชาที่ประกอบไปด้วย tetrahydro-cannabinol (THC) ซึ่งเป็นสารที่ออกฤทธิ์ต่อจิตประสาทและ vitamin E acetate ซึ่งอาจมีความเกี่ยวข้องกับการแพร่ระบาดของ EVALI บทความนี้ได้รวบรวมงานวิจัยและการศึกษาแบบตัดขวางที่หลากหลาย โดยเน้นไปที่ส่วนประกอบของของเหลวในบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า และผลกระทบต่อระบบทางเดินหายใจ โดยเป้าหมายคือการทำความเข้าใจเกี่ยวกับ EVALI และความเสี่ยงที่เป็นไปได้ของผลกระทบที่เกิดจากการสูบบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า
คำสำคัญ: บุหรี่ไฟฟ้า; สาร propylene glycol; วิตามิน E acetate; นิโคติน; สาร tetrahydro-cannabinol; โรคปอดอักเสบรุนแรง (EVALI)
เอกสารอ้างอิง
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