A Comparative Study of Suriyasutta Between the Manchu Kangyur and the Thai Tipitaka

Abstract

This article entitled to comparatively study of Suriyasutta between Manchu version (šun be jetere de hūlara nomun) and Thai version through documentary research. From the study, it found that both versions have some similarity and difference as well. In Manchu version has indicated more introduction about the place of the Buddha’s dwelling, and the different in conclusion. It also contains few Manchu words influenced by Sanskrit and Tibetan scriptures. However, they have literally shared the same plot, which runs by only four characters - Sun god, Rahu demon, the Buddha, and the demon master Vepacitti. The objective of the Manchu version is evidently to response to the fear of sun eclipse taking place two time in single year. That is believed to an inauspicious and bad luck to the Qing kingdom under Qianlong emperor. The sutra in Manchu Kangyur called Dharani is like Theravada Paritta that is to eradicate of any sign of bad omens. Hence, the emerging of Manchu Suriyasutta is to relieve the worrisome among royal court, officers, and people.