An Analytical Examination of Human Nature in Theravāda Buddhism
Keywords:
Analysis, Human Nature, Theravada Buddhist PhilosophyAbstract
The objectives of this research paper are 1) to study the concepts and theories of human nature, 2) to study human nature according to Theravada Buddhist philosophy, and 3) to analyze human nature according to Theravada Buddhist philosophy. This research is a qualitative research, which focuses on documentary research by studying the Tipitaka and related documents The results showed that Human beings are high-minded. Know what is useful and what is not, have a rational thought. know the decision and know how to choose things that are beneficial to humans as beings that arise from two components: the part that is matter or form (body) and the part that is matter or name (Mind or spirit) The human body is made up of the basic four elements, namely earth, water, fire, and wind, through perception of the outside world through the senses. Each sense has its own unique emotion or object. Does the human mind or spirit really exist? By relying on the body as a natural habitat that has no shape. The mind is abstract in relation to the body. and is more important than the body Human beings have a special nature of spirit or spirit. and has a high potential for self-improvement It is an animal that has intelligence or reason to live. The nature of the human body has changed. It cannot remain in its original state forever (anicca) and is constantly subjected to internal changes (dukkha). Human beings are innately related to society. Because humans are animals with both high and low instincts. Waiting to be the driving force to be involved with society Humans should show good behavior towards others and society.
References
Bodhi, B. (2000). The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Samyutta Nikāya. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
Collins, S. (1982). Selfless Persons: Imagery and Thought in Theravāda Buddhism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Descartes, R. (1641). Meditations on First Philosophy. In J. Cottingham et al., (Eds.), The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, Vol. II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Feinberg, J. S., & Shafer-Landau, R. (2013). Reason and Responsibility: Readings in Some Basic Problems of Philosophy. Cengage Learning.
Gethin, R. (1998). The Foundations of Buddhism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Harvey, P. (2013). An Introduction to Buddhist Ethics: Foundations, Values and Issues. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Keown, D. (2005). Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
MacIntyre, A. (1999). Dependent Rational Animals: Why Human Beings Need the Virtues. Open Court.
Mahamakut Buddhist University. (1982). Thai Tripitaka, Mahamakut Buddhist University Edition, printed on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of Rattanakosin, B.E. 2525. Bangkok: Mahamakut Buddhist University.
Ñāṇamoli, B., & Bodhi, B. (Trans.) (1995). The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
Phra Thammakosachan (Prayoon Thammajitto). (1995). Greek Philosophy, the Origin of Western Wisdom. Bangkok: Siam Publishing House.
Phra Thammapataki (P.A. Payutto). (1997). Time to Develop People Again. Bangkok: Thammasapha Printing House.
Pisessathorn, C. (1978). Western Educational Theory and Philosophers. Bangkok: Duangkamol Publishing House.
Rahula, W. (1974). What the Buddha Taught. New York: Grove Press.
Robinson, H. (2020). “Dualism”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dualism/
Saksri, K. (1987). Organization and Human Relations. Bangkok: Aksornwitthaya.
Spinoza, B. (1677). Ethics Demonstrated in Geometrical Order. Retrieved from: www.gutenberg.org
Thanissaro Bhikkhu. (2010). The Shape of Suffering: A Study of Dependent Co-arising. Valley Center, CA: Metta Forest Monastery.
Thongprasert, C. (1990). Ancient Western Philosophy. Bangkok: Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University.
Warder, A. K. (2000). Indian Buddhism. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which allows others to share the article with proper attribution to the authors and prohibits commercial use or modification. For any other reuse or republication, permission from the journal and the authors is required.
